Site Vindolanda Context Vindolanda ditch Excavation year 1985 Site phase

Dimensions L. 40 mm W. 40 mm Preservation state organic Fabric structure 2/2 twill Twill pattern diamond Pattern repeat after 22 of (1) warp (rest incomplete), 7 of (2) weft [d2r] Possibly same as 026/001 Warp and weft identified ✓

Colours Sewing yarn 1 dark brown. Sewing yarn 2 light brown. Edges Selvedge, parallel to (1) warp and overlying cut edge of 026/001: structure based on 2 twisted cords, each of 2 pairs of Z-spun yarns (as (1) warp) (fig 00); one cord twisted Z, the other S; alternate returning wefts are clasped by the one or the other cord in sequence (see fig 00); cords turn by half-turns. Slightly resembles twined-cord starting borders. Surviving l. 25mm; 3-4mm wide seen end-on; cords c.1.5-2mm thick. Other features Pale brown (?undyed wool); samples of Z- and S-spun yarns from 026/003 taken for dye analysis; no nap or felting.

Description A. S-plied thread (c.1mm thick) from 2 medium Z-spun dark brown yarns; stitches mostly worked in pairs 9shown in blue). One stitch holds 026/003 to 026/001, oversewing both edges in S-direction. Degraded remains of same 2-ply, possibly originally paired, runs down edge of 026/001; same thread secures 026/004 to 026/003. B. apparently S-plied thread (c.1mm thick) from 2 light brown medium Z-spun yarns; traces only, securing 026/004 to 026/003 and 026/001 (shown in red) Types of stitch oversewing Sewing yarn colour dark brown Sewing yarn structure plied Sewing yarn twist strength medium Sewing yarn twist direction S2z Sewing yarn diam 1.0 Sewing yarn 2 colour light brown Sewing yarn 2 structure plied Sewing yarn 2 twist direction S2z Sewing yarn 2 diameter 1.0