Pompeii, founded on a volcanic plateau on the southern slopes of Mount Vesuvius, was a major commercial and cultural hub in ancient Campania, strategically located near the mouth of the Sarno River. Influenced by Greek, Etruscan, and Samnite cultures, the city flourished during the Roman era, driven by the trade of wine and oil and marked by significant urban development. The earthquake of 62 AD triggered an ambitious reconstruction effort, which was abruptly cut short by the catastrophic eruption of Vesuvius in 79 AD, burying the city under ash and pumice. Spanning 64 hectares and housing approximately 20,000 residents, Pompeii featured a sophisticated urban design, with narrow streets, sidewalks, fountains, aqueducts, and an elaborate defensive system. The areas outside the city walls contained monumental necropolises. Today, Pompeii remains one of the most important archaeological sites for understanding daily life in a Roman town